Criminal Law
| Defendants and Sentencing with Respect to Convictions of Violating Environmental Statutes |
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| There are three types of defendants that may be charged in a case involving a violation of an environmental statute. The three types of defendants include corporations, corporate officers and individuals.
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| FEDERAL LAWS REGARDING EXTORTION |
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| A person commits the federal offense of extortion if he or she transmits in interstate or foreign commerce any demand or request for ransom or for a reward for the release of a kidnapped person, any threat to kidnap or injure another person, or any threat to injure the property or reputation of another person or to accuse another person of a crime with the intent to extort. The federal offense of extortion applies to both interstate and foreign telephone calls and other forms of communication. As long as the communication crosses state or national borders, the communication is considered to involve interstate or foreign commerce. More... |
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| Postconviction Procedures |
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| After a defendant is convicted of a crime, he may decide to file a postconviction motion or appeal his conviction. The types of postconviction motions the defendant may file differ from state to state. The defendant may file several different motions after a judgment has been entered against him. More... |
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| APPEALS OF FEDERAL CRIMNAL PROSECUTIONS |
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| After several federal courts ruled that state bingo laws were regulatory laws that could not be enforced against Native American tribes, Congress began looking at legislation that would satisfy the interests of law enforcement agencies and that would help to alleviate the economic problems of the Native American tribes by raising revenue through bingo and gaming. As a result, Congress enacted the Indian Gaming Regulatory Act (IGRA) of 1988.
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| Witness Immunity From Prosecution |
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| A witness may be granted immunity from prosecution by way of federal or state law. Immunity is granted in exchange for a witness's testimony about a certain event. There are two types of immunity available, use immunity or transactional immunity. More... |
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